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	³ README file for
	³
	³ ELSA WINNER ELSA WINNER 1000/2000 Driver for NEXTSTEP, 
	³
	³       version 1.36
	³
	³       WINNER 2000PRO/X PCI
	³       WINNER 1000AVI   PCI
	³       WINNER 2000PRO   PCI
	³       WINNER 1000PRO   PCI
	³
	³
	³ Copyright (c) 1994-95 ELSA GmbH, Aachen (Germany)
	³
	³                              Subsidary:
	³ ELSA GmbH                    ELSA Inc.
	³ Sonnenweg 11                 2150 Trade Zone Blvd., Suite 101
	³ D-52070 Aachen               San Jose, CA 95131
	³ Germany                      U.S.A.
	³
	³ Tel.: +49/0-241-9177-0       Phone: +1-408-935-0350
	³ Fax : +49/0-241-9177-600     Phone:  1-800-272-ELSA
	³ BBS : +49/0-241-9177-981     Fax  : +1-408-935-0370
	³ ISDN: +49/0-241-9177-7800    BBS  : +1-408-935-0380 
	³ http://www.elsa.de           http://www.elsa.com
	³ CIS : GO ELSA                CIS  : GO ELSA
	³
	³ April 12th 1995, up, tr


    Table of Contents:

	1.      Overview
	2.      Disk contents
	3.      Installation and Configuration
	3.1     Installation
	3.1.1   short instructions
	3.1.2   detailed instructions
	3.2     Configuration - single screen
	3.2.1   short instructions
	3.2.2   detailed instructions
	3.3     Multi headed systems
	3.3.1   Installation of multi headed systems

	4.      Notes

	5.      Known Problems


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

1.      Overview

	This disk contains the ELSA WINNER 1000/2000 driver for NEXTSTEP
	on a DOS file system and a conversion tool.
	The ELSA WINNER 1000/2000 supports NEXTSTEP(R) for Intel(R)
	Processors, Release 3.3 and higher, a product of NeXT computer,
	Inc.

	This file contains an explanation of the installation process
	in chapter 3, as well as instructions for converting video modes
	which have been created using DOS based ELSA Tools. If your 
	system is based on the ISA bus, reading of Chapter 6 is 
	recommended.


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

2.      Disk contents

	The software described here is located in directory 
	"NEXT\MULTISCR".

	That directory contains these files:

	WINNEXT.TAR    ELSA driver as unix tar file.
	VM2TIM.EXE     DOS based tool  for conversion of video
		       modes of a graphics board to a file format 
		       conforming to the NEXTSTEP software
	LIESMICH.TXT   german version of this file
	README.TXT     this file

	File versions are coded using the timestamp of a file. If e.g. 
	a file is dated 04-22-94 1:10am, it is version 1.10.

	Hint: opposed to DOS, file names and disk labels are all lower 
	      case in the NEXTSTEP software environment .


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

3.      Installation and Configuration


3.1     Installation

	Hint: Help on handling the workspace manager, discs, files and
	      icons is found in the "User's Guide" (see "Literature", 
	      below).  
	      You can also use Workspace Manager's Online Help (in the 
	      menu, go "Info->Help... ?").


3.1.1   short instructions

	Copy the file WINNEXT.TAR to a local working directory and 
	extract the tar file using workplace manager's archive 
	inspector (double click->inspector->extract). Start Configure 
	by a double click on the extracted "ELSA_install". Go on with 
	"Configuration".

	Hint: If your local working directory contains an old version 
	      of the ELSA software, remove it before beginning to 
	      install the new version.


3.1.2   detailed instructions

	Insert the disk containing the driver into the drive. In the 
	menu, choose "Disk->Check for Disks". A new icon showing a disk 
	comes up in file viewer's shelf. Click it once, then double click 
	on "NEXT" and "STANADARD" to change in the directory 
	"NEXT\STANDARD".

	Then select "winnext.tar". Move the icon named "winnext.tar" 
	over your working directory's icon in the shelf. When two 
	squares show up, release the button. This copies the file to 
	your working directory. The working directory might e.g. be 
	your home directory. Now click the working directory in the 
	shelf, thus changing to that directory. Double-click the copy of 
	"winnext.tar". An inspector shows up; extract the file, close 
	the inspector. Two more files are there now: "ELSA_install" and 
	"WINNER.config.tgz". A double click on "ELSA_install" will then 
	start the Configure Application. If you are not logged in as 
	root, you will be asked for the superuser password. In case an 
	old version of the driver has been installed already, you will 
	be asked for verification. Now go on with the Configuration 
	process (see chapter "Configuration").


	Hint: ELSA recommends to remove the files "winnext.tar", 
	      "ELSA_install" and "WINNER.config.tgz", in your working 
	      directory after installation, since they are not used any 
	      more then. To remove a file, select it and drag it over 
	      the recycler icon.

	      In any case these files must be deleted before updating 
	      to a new version of the driver.

3.2     Configuration - single screen


	Hint: Handling of the Configure application is explained in
	"Installing and Configuring NEXTSTEP Release 3.2 for Intel(R)
	Processors" (see "literature", below)

	If no display adaptor had been installed before, a selection box
	shows up. Choose "ELSA WINNER 1000/2000 Display Adapter".




3.2.1   short instructions

	The "Select..." button starts the "display mode selection" 
	window.  Here you have to declare which board of the 
	WINNER 1000/2000 series is installed in the system. Relevant 
	here is the product name and the memory configuration. 
	Following that step, a resolution and colorspace can be selected 
	from a list of modes. In a third step, a the refresh rate to 
	the current mode can be selected from a list.

	The box "technical information" shows hints; after resolution 
	and refresh rate have been selected, the resulting line 
	frequency and pixel frequency are showed here.

	Attention: You must assure, that the monitor in use with the 
		   system is appropriate to operate with the line and 
		   pixel frequency shown in the information box.  
		   An inappropriate monitor may be damaged, when used 
		   with such a line or pixel frequency.  The maximum 
		   line and pixel frequencies for a monitor are given 
		   in the monitor manual.


3.2.2   detailed instructions


	The window "Display  Devices" shows two address range selection 
	boxes; the box "display mode selection" containing the button 
	"Select..." and an icon "ELSA".

	Clicking the button "Select..." shows the "Card Selection 
	Window".  
	Please specify which one of the ELSA WINNER 1000/2000 board 
	series is installed in the system.  Relevant are the product 
	name and the memory configuration, i.e. how many megabytes of 
	VRAM are on the board.

	Click on the button initially named "none". A popup list of 
	boards shows up. Move the cursor up and down to the right 
	specification.

	If your board's product name is not given precisely, the more 
	general name is valid. For a WINNER 1000PCI with 2MB VRAM e.g. 
	choose "WINNER 1000-2MB".

	Example  : A WINNER 2000PRO with 4 megabyte VRAM is installed in 
		   the system. You choose "WINNER 2000PRO-4MB".

	Attention: In case of a WINNER 2000VL with 2 megabyte VRAM you 
		   must choose "WINNER 2000VL-2MB", NOT "WINNER 2000-2".

	Be careful: Only the correct board selection assures, that the 
	display modes you can select further on are realizable on the 
	installed board.

	When the board selection is done, you can specify a resolution 
	and color space. This driver supports the following of the 
	NEXTSTEP Windowserver's color spaces: "BW:8", which is 256 
	step grayscale, 
	"RGB:256/8", which is 256 colors (NEXTSTEP Version 3.3 and 
	higher only), "RGB:555/16", which is 32768 colors (hicolor), 
	and "RGB:888/32", which is 16.7 million colors (truecolor).


	Hint: The decision about color space has implications on the 
	      memory demands the Windowserver will show. Since the 
	      Windowserver holds all the Windows in memory, keep in 
	      mind that one pixel costs you one byte in BW:8, two bytes 
	      in RGB:555/16, and four bytes in RGB:888/32. If you need 
	      color, RGB:555/16 will be good enough for most 
	      applications.

	For every resolution a refresh rate can be chosen. The box 
	"Technical Information" shows the requirements to the used 
	monitor, especially the line and pixel frequency must be lower 
	than the maximum line and maximum pixel frequency specified 
	for your monitor.


	Attention: You must assure, that the monitor in use with the 
		   system is appropriate to operate with the line and 
		   pixel frequency shown in the information box.  
		   An inappropriate monitor may be damaged when used 
		   with such a line or pixel frequency. The maximum line 
		   and pixel frequencies for a monitor are given in the 
		   monitor manual.


	The window "Card Selection Window" can be left by pressing the 
	"OK" button thereby accepting the selections made so far, or by 
	pressing the "Cancel" button, reestablishing the state that was 
	valid before entering the window.

	If the WINNER card specification was changed or specified for 
	the first time, framebuffer mapping will be changed according 
	to the card chosen. An attention panel occurs.

	The box "Mapped Memory" shows the beginning and length of the
	area in address space where the board's video memory will be 
	mapped into. Numbers are in hexadezimal notation. Usually, the 
	value that was set when the board was chosen, will be ok.

	The specifications in the "Port Address" Box cannot be changed.

3.3     Multi headed systems

	It is a feature of NEXTSTEP 3.3 that more than one graphics 
	adaptor can be used. This driver version supports the multi 
	headed system feature.  The feature is restricted to PCI based 
	systems only.

3.3.1   Installation of multi headed systems

	The installation process of a multi headed system is a bit
	complicated. It may be a wise decision to read the instructions
	before beginning to act.

	Here is an outline of what is to do:
	1. Find out the PCI location of the graphics card the system 
	   boots on. The first driver instance must work on that board.

	2. Install a single-screen system.

	3. Install a multi headed system just by adding boards and
	   corresponding driver instances in Configure.app.


	Here is a detailed description:

	1. Install all the graphics adaptors in your system and connect 
	   them to their monitors.

	2. After the system is switched on now, only one of your
	   monitors is activated by the mainboard BIOS, the others
	   stay black. This is your "main screen". Switch the system off
	   again, before it starts to boot.

	3. Deinstall all graphics cards except the one that was 
	   activated by the BIOS in step 2.

	4. Now, boot the system with this one graphics card installed.

	5. Install the driver as described in Paragraph 3.1 and start
	   Configure.app as described in Paragraph 3.2 of this file.

	   If no graphics driver had been installed previously, 
	   configure shows a window that allows adding drivers. If a 
	   graphics driver had been installed, remove it, save the 
	   configuration, quit configure and restart it again.

	   Note: When adding a driver instance, the bus location of the 
		 board is shown in parantheses after the name of the 
		 driver. This looks like "ELSA WINNER 1000/2000 driver ... 
		 (Dev:12 Func:0 Bus:0)" Write down the number that is 
		 shown after the "Dev:" (12 in this case), you will need 
		 it later. Double click on the entry to add the driver.

	6. Go on configuring the driver instance as described under
	   Paragraph 3.2 .

	7. Shut down the system, reinstall the other graphics boards 
	   and boot up the system again.  After the system has booted, 
	   the main screen shows the video mode selected in step 5. 
	   Now, proceed to configure the system by adding more driver 
	   instances. Start Configure.app, and for every additional 
	   graphics board, do the following steps 8 and 9:

	8. Press the "Add" button. A list of driver names is shown, with 
	   the bus location of the related card shown in parentheses.  
	   Double click the "ELSA WINNER ..." entry for the respective 
	   board. Be shure, not to add a second driver instance for the 
	   same bus location. Write down the bus locations of the boards 
	   you already configured, as you did with the "main screen" 
	   board.

	9. Configure the board as described in 3.2. You should get a 
	   conflict on framebuffer memory mapping, which you have to 
	   resolve by pressing the minus button of the "Mapped memory" 
	   box repeatedly until the "conflicts" window is empty.

       10. Having configured all graphics boards, save the 
	   configuration, quit and reboot the system. All monitors 
	   are active now.


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

4.  Notes

4.1     Release Notes

	Version 1.0  of 22.04.94 was the initial version

	Version 1.10 supplies the WINNER 2000PRO-H and the high refresh
		     truecolor modes on WINNER 2000PRO-4 boards.

		     Bug fixes:

		     In version 1.0, only the first dynamic mode was 
		     read in, if mode names were delimited by a 
		     literal '\n'.
		     The "Dynamic Modes" entry is read in correctly now.
		     In version 1.0, problems could occur on some 
		     50MHz VL bus systems. Therefore VL-Bus handling was 
		     changed slightly.

	Version 1.20 supports RGB:444/16 modes on 
			      WINNER 2000PRO-2/ -4/ -H
		     supports RGB:256/8 modes on NEXTSTEP 3.3
		     handles the default memory address more user 
		     friendly the original Cube's resolution of 
		     1120 x 832 was added

		     Bug fixes:

		     Gamma correction is handled correctly now.

	Version 1.21 supports the B release boards of the
		     WINNER 2000PRO-PCI-8.B

	Version 1.25 single screen driver for the WINNER 1000AVI and
		     WINNER 2000PRO/X-2, -4, -8.

	Version 1.35 multi headed system driver for the 
		     WINNER 2000PRO/X-PCI-8 

	Version 1.36 multi headed system driver for the 
		     WINNER 1000AVI-PCI-2, WINNER 2000PRO/X-PCI-2, 
		     WINNER 2000PRO/X-PCI-4 and WINNER 2000PRO/X-PCI-8


4.2     Literature


	The handling of the Workspace Manager is explained in the 
	"NEXTSTEP User's Guide" as well as in the online help. To get 
	the online help, choose "Help... ?", which is a submenu of the 
	"Info" item in the main menu.

	The Configure application has no online help, but is explained 
	in "Installing and Configuring NEXTSTEP Release ... for 
	Intel(R) Processors".

	The manuals mentioned are part of the NEXTSTEP product.



4.3     More video modes / conversion of video modes defined under DOS


	If you have created video modes under the DOS or Windows 
	environment and want to used them as display modes in the 
	NEXTSTEP environment, ELSA supplies a tool to do the conversion 
	of EEROM data on the board to a format readable by ELSA's 
	NEXTSTEP driver.

	Hint: This sections requires a certain amount of knowledge and
	      experience of the NEXTSTEP software environment. You will 
	      need superuser rights to be able to execute the steps that 
	      follow.

	The DOS based conversion tool VM2TIM.EXE, which is part of this 
	package, prints out the video mode information in a ASCII text 
	format that can be directly appended to the Instance0.table in 
	the directory /usr/Devices/WINNER.config. After changing the 
	"Display Mode" entry in that file to the required display mode, 
	that mode will be used after the system has been rebooted.

	Proceed as follows:

	Create your monitor timings and store them into EEROM using the
	ELSA installation software.

	Then, still in the DOS environment, enter:

	"vm2tim -unix -o dmodes"

	A file "dmodes" is created which must be imported into the 
	NEXTSTEP software environment, e.g. on a disc.

	In the NEXTSTEP environment:

	Log in as root and change to the directory 
	/usr/Devices/WINNER.config.  Copy the file dmodes to some place 
	like e.g. /tmp/dmodes and enter

	"cat /tmp/dmodes >>Instance0.table"

	Then modify the file Instance0.table using an editor of your 
	choice. Change the line beginning with "Display Mode" to the 
	display mode you want to use.

	Example: You want to use a mode with a resolution of 1216x940 at 
		 75Hz, 256 grayscale. After appending dmodes as 
		 explained, you find an entry in Instance0.table

		 "1216x940_75Hz_BW:8_ni" = "1216 940 8 (...)";

		 Using the editor, now enter the line

		 "Display Mode" =
		   "Height: 940 Width: 1216 Refresh: 75Hz bitsPerPixel: 
		    BW:8"

	If you have more than one of those modes and want to manage them 
	just like the predefined ones, edit the file (boardname).modelist 
	and insert a new line for each mode you want to add. Here is an 
	explaining example:

	Example: Supposed you have made the changes given in the last 
		 example and now want to enter it into the modelist so 
		 that it appears in the Card Selection Window. Suppose 
		 you use a WINNER 2000 with 4 megabyte VRAM.

		 Edit the file WINNER2000-4.modelist in the directory
		 /usr/Devices/WINNER2000-4.modelist.

		 #
		 # Width Height ColorSpace Refresh Flag (always 0)
		 ...
		    1152    864 RGB:555/16      91    0
		    1280   1024 BW:8            75    0
		 ...

		 Just inserting the line

		    1216    940 BW:8            75    0

		 you get

		    1152    864 RGB:555/16      91    0
		    1216    940 BW:8            75    0
		    1280   1024 BW:8            75    0

		 and next time Configure is started, the Card Selection 
		 Window shows a new mode "1216x940 BW:8" between 
		 "1152x864 RGB:555/16" and "1280x1024 BW:8" and refresh 
		 rate of 75 Hz can be selected for that mode.

		 The last number in the line must be a "1" for 
		 interlaced modes.

4.4     444 gun depth

	When using 16 bits per pixel, the number of bits used to 
	represent the red, green and blue color values respectively 
	("gun depth"), can be chosen differently as indicated by the 
	"444" or "555" values in the colorspace name that is common in 
	the NEXTSTEP environment. In an "RGB:555/16" color space, 16 
	bits are used to represent one pixel. 5 bits are used to 
	represent the current of the red, green and blue electron gun of 
	the cathode ray tube, respectively. The remaining bit is unused.  
	Accordingly, in RGB:444/16 representation 4 bits are to 
	code each color gun's signal values.

	On the WINNER 2000PRO-2,-4 and -H, the driver supports 
	RGB:555/16 AND RGB:444/16 modes.  Using RGB:444/16 colorspace 
	results in driver speed advantage compared to RGB:555/16 modes. 
	The reason is that the WindowServer internally uses a 444-gun 
	depth when working in 16 bit mode. So this native format can 
	just be put into the framebuffer, while using RGB:555/16 means 
	data always has to be converted, before it can be sent to 
	display memory.


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

5.      Known Problems


5.1     SoftPC

	In case SoftPC by Insignia will not work properly, try the 
	following modifications:

	1. This modification is not necessary, if you are using NEXTSTEP
	   version 3.3 and higher

	   In file /usr/Devices/Instance0.table change the line
	   "Memory Maps"="0xMMMMMMMM-0xNNNNNNNN";
	   to
	   "Memory Maps"="0xMMMMMMMM-0xNNNNNNNN 0xa0000-0xbffff 
	    0xc0000-0xcffff"; (The Ms and Ns stand for any value you 
	    find here).


	2. In file .../SoftPC.app/video_types append these two lines:
	   "WINNER" = "TextInterleaved";


5.2     Supported Bus systems

	The ELSA WINNER 1000/2000 driver for NEXTSTEP supports PCI, VL
	and EISA based boards. The usability of ISA based boards can not 
	be granted. Problems may occur on systems which are equipped 
	with more than 8 megabyte main memory. The technical background 
	is discussed now:

	The ISA bus knows of 24 address bits spanning an address space 
	of 16 megabytes size and corresponding to addresses 
	0x000000-0xFFFFFF.

	The 80386 and later processors can access a 32 bit wide address 
	space, i.e. 4 gigabyte corresponding to addresses 
	0x00000000-0xFFFFFFFF.

	The display memory is mapped into CPU address space using 
	segment 8 megabyte in size. You can specify the start address 
	of that segment using Configure (see "Configuration"). As far 
	as a system is equipped with more than 8 megabyte of main 
	memory, this start address must be moved to beyond the 16 
	megabyte boundary of the ISA bus.

	For the graphics board to be accessible here, the system must
	do accesses to the ISA bus even for addresses which are beyond
	that boundary. It is a property of the system which may vary 
	from one system to another. The systems' behaviour is 
	unspecified here.

	If such an access is done, only 24 of the CPU's 32 address 
	bits are decoded. The state of the remaining 8 bits is 
	oblivious. As a result, the graphics board seems to appear at 
	multiple places in the address space, each occurance 
	corresponding to one of the 256 state of the oblivious bits. 
	On the other hand, conflicts with memory will not happen since 
	the main memory serves CPU memory accesses before the ISA bus will initiate an
	access.

	Example: An ISA bus based system is equipped with 24 megabytes 
		 of main memory and a WINNER 2000-4, so main memory 
		 serves addresses 0x00000000-0x017FFFFF. The WINNER is 
		 configured so that the display memory is mapped to
		 0x03800000-0x04FFFFFF.

		 The CPU now accesses 0x03800000. Main memory does not
		 serve that address, so an ISA bus access is initiated.
		 Here on the bus, the address reads as 0x800000, since
		 there are only 24 address bits. The graphics card 
		 reacts to the address and serves it.

		 Now the CPU accesses 0x00800000. The main memory serves
		 the address, an ISA bus access is not even initiated.
		 The ISA bus thus is not involved.


	This scheme works alright, as long as the system puts memory
	accesses beyond 16 megabyte that are not answered on the local
	bus e.g. by main memory on the ISA bus.  Since this is a
	property of the system that is not prescribed by specification, 
	it may vary from system to system.

	On those ISA systems that do not comply to that scheme, display
	memory must fit into the first 16 megabyte. Since its mapped
	memory segment is 8 megabyte wide, only 8 megabyte remain for
	the systems main memory.

	Experience was made so far on a Compaq 66m (an EISA machine) and 
	a no name VESA Local bus (VL) machine.
	In those systems, the ISA boards worked well.
	A test in a PCI based system was negative.

	Response on that issue is welcome. You may use the ELSA
	Bulletin Board System, the phone number is in your WINNER
	board's manual.



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